Financial subsidies to HCW handlers (POL 3). The method of data collection, gathering information and evaluation of the findings in case of PESTLE analysis costly as well as time-consuming. Let us now go through the PESTLE analysis of the German multinational sports goods company, Adidas (June 2022): In addition to risk management, PESTLE analysis is applied for strategic management. 2020. Analyzed risk in the agri-food supply chain using TISM-MICMAC methodology. An ISM approach for the barrier analysis in implementing sustainable practices: The Indian oil and gas sector. In the pestle analysis of Apple, we'll discuss macro-environmental factors in detail one by one. Deploying the tracking system in the bags carrying COVID-19 infected wastes, will ensure the proper records maintaining and safe handling of HCW till the final disposal. The present study also utilizes the fuzzy-MICMAC approach to highlight the critical success factors of sustainable HCWM during the COVID-19 outbreak (Thakur and Ramesh, 2016). The analysis gives an idea of macro-environmental factors that impacts the functioning of a particular business. TISM methodology resulted in six levels hierarchy of interrelationships among the 17 PESTEL dimensions of sustainable HCWM (shown in Fig. The investments done during the COVID-19 outbreak in any nation, will help in fighting the health outbreaks in the future also. The recent COVID-19 outbreak has also put the healthcare services at the alarming positions worldwide. MICMAC stabilized matrix for PESTEL dimensions of sustainable HCWM. Conducting regional specific studies may add some more dimensions to the existing list. It is widely accepted as a comprehensive method used for industry and market assessment (Kolinos & Read 2013). Journal. Fatal outcome of human influenza A (H5N1) is associated with high viral load and hypercytokinemia. Developing a business case on various managing aspects of a company and analysing case forces students to grapple with exactly the kinds of situations, decisions, and dilemmas managers confront every day. Political factors indicate that businesses are highly motivated to be opened in the Herefordshire area because the country, in such a way, encourages economic stability and financial . The study identified the following dimensions as the outcome variables for sustainable HCWM during the COVID-19 outbreak: effluent and emissions control at the HCW treatment sites and compliance of the environment protection laws. Francis was an American scholar and Harvard professor. Company analysis is the important type of case method in Research Methodology and is commonly used by the beginners of scholarly research. Step 8. As per the latest report on BMW Management rule, 2016 published in Gazette of India (March 2016), a total of 1,31,837 healthcare facilities in India are using the common bio-medical waste treatment facilities, while 21,870 hospitals are using on-site facilities to treat their HCW. This poorly managed HCW may lead to the generation of so many other diseases along with COVID-19, like: gastroenteric infection, respiratory infection, ocular infection, genital infection, skin infection, anthrax, meningitis, AIDS, haemorrhagic fevers, septicaemia, bacteraemia, candidaemia, viral hepatitis A, B and C, avian influenza etc. For recording the contextual relationships among various PESTEL dimensions of sustainable HCWM, it is necessary to include the doyens from the related domain expertise (Zhao etal., 2020). PESTEL analysis of the construction industry for enhancing productivity. ) have been invited to develop the relationship matrix, which is well supported by the literature for group decision-making (Zhao etal., 2020; Thakur and Mangla, 2019; Jena etal., 2017). Corona waste is not only limited to hospitals, but people who are recovering at homes or asymptomatic patients are throwing their garbage in the common dustbins, which may spread the infection to the whole society (World Health Organization, 2020). New tools based on Trends, Opportunities and Threats which addresses these gaps are recommended. Search for jobs related to Pestle analysis pdf journal or hire on the world's largest freelancing marketplace with 20m+ jobs. The quantity of HCW has increased at an unprecedented rate due to the significant part coming out from the temporary built COVID-19 healthcare facilities (World Health Organization, 2020). The COVID-19 Pandemic Is Generating Tons of Medical Waste. To classify the factors of sustainable HCWM during COVID-19 outbreak into the following four groups: autonomous, dependent, linkage, and independent groups using Fuzzy-MICMAC analysis. Table2 gives an overview of some of the applications of PESTEL, TISM and MICMAC methodologies to explore the macro-environment dimensions and their interrelationships in various industries. This step generates the information for theory building, as TISM not only defines the nature of the relationship, but also mentions the cause of the relationship (Hasan etal., 2019). Bermejo M., Rodrguez-Teijeiro J.D., Illera G., Barroso A., Vil C., Walsh P.D. The robust policy framework will guide the whole HCWM system during the COVID-19 pandemic. As the COVID-19 virus stays longer on plastic and stainless steel materials, hence the healthcare wastes (HCW), coming out of the treatment of COVID-19 infected patients can be one of the potential route for transmission of infection. However, 45% tax is applicable if someone's income goes above 270,501. Section 3 illustrates the research methods and proposed research framework for implementing sustainable HCWM practices during the COVID-19 outbreak. Jena J., Sidharth S., Thakur L.S., Pathak D.K., Pandey V.C. Curing the active cases of COVID-19 infected patients, as well as nipping the spread of the infection in the whole society, have come out as significant challenges for the World Health Organization (WHO) and all States Governments. 1 0 obj
South Asia Economic Journal, 12(2), pp.271-286. CSR as Corporate Political Activity: Observations on IKEA's CSR Identity-Image Dynamics. Relaxed tax structure will help the HCW handlers to set up new facilities and import the latest technologies to treat the infectious wastes with minimum carbon prints. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. Type of paper: Normative secondary research Keywords Trends, Megatrends, Management practices, Strategy, Business environment, SWOT, PESTLE, PEST. In this regrad, WHO has also published the initial update on March 2020, where, the focus was on sanitation, hand hygiene, safeguarding waste handling workers, and stressed more on strengthening the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services in the COVID-19 healthcare facilities. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. (2020), the traditional incineration technology coupled with waste heat energy recovery, can minimize the environmental impacts of the waste emissions. The scope of the current study is to provide the cleaner and sustainable healthcare services worldwide, while fighting against COVID-19 outbreak. Originality / Value: The proposed tools viz. Reverse logistics optimisation for waste collection and disposal in health institutions: the case of Turkey. Rayor L.S. Fulfilling statuary requirements of hospitals, implementing routine systems and procedures. Defining elements of sustainable HCWM during the COVID-19 outbreak, Step 2. Vinodh S., Asokan P. ISM and Fuzzy MICMAC application for analysis of Lean Six Sigma barriers with environmental considerations. The various social factors comprise consumer beliefs, demographics, attitudes, buying patterns, customer preferences, literacy, living standard, status, ethics, values, and religion. Such expansion strategy transformed them into multinational business firms having a number of subsidiaries or branches and through their huge structure, market share, and capability, and hence they became a prominent player in their industry/industry sector. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of coastal zone management practice through a political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental (PESTLE) approach and by reviewing relevant literature. And also, the tracking system should be installed through the supply chain carrying infectious HCW from the COVID-19 treatment centers. 3 0 obj
As per the study conducted on the assessment of groundwater quality in Tamilnadu, India, chromium level of up to 275mg/L was found, which is 1000 times higher than WHOs recommendations for safe drinking water (Rao etal., 2011). The present study tries to bridge the above research gaps and contributes to the knowledge body by: PESTEL dimensions to sustainable HCWM during COVID-19 outbreak. But, still, to fight against the current pandemic and to analyze the various hurdles for implementing sustainable HCWM during this COVID-19 outbreak, the present study seeks to answer the following research questions like: what are the various political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal factors in the macro-environment, which can affect the decision-making and strategy formulation, for developing a sustainable HCWM system? Legal (L): The regulatory and legal compliance like consumer protection laws, environmental laws, labor laws, industrial regulations, licenses and permits, and intellectual property play a major role in shaping a companys policies and practices. The Medical Waste Related to COVID-2019 Is Cleaned up Every DayThe Medical Waste Treatment Market Needs to Be Standardised. Your email address will not be published. Handling the impact of the environment on operations (challenge). Throughout the world, steep growth has been noticed in the generation rates of the HCW, while treating the COVID-19 patients. Purpose: The business environment has always been changing. Relaxed tax structure during disease outbreaks (ECO 2). McDonald's Corporation's strategies address issues in the external business environment, such as the ones identified in this PESTEL/PESTLE analysis of the global fast-food restaurant chain business. PESTEL analysis is a variation of PEST analysis that takes into account two extra factors: the Environmental and Legal ones. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. Thereafter, a series of iterations are run to identify all the elements at different levels in the hierarchical structure, as explained by Zhao etal. Mihailova, M. (2020). TISM hierarchical digraph depicts the relationships among the various PESTEL dimensions of sustainable HCWM during the COVID-19 outbreak and take the inputs values like: 1 (for relationship existence) and 0 (for no relationship) (Zhao etal., 2020; Hasan etal., 2019). Tesla's case involves the remote or macro-environment of the automotive industry, the energy generation industry, and the energy storage industry. Byproducts coming out of the treatment facilities should be addressed properly by safe dumping after chemical disinfection. Careers, School of Management, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, Rourkela, Odisha, India. Thereafter, the contextual relationships (Y for yes and N for no relationship) among 17 PESTEL dimensions of sustainable HCWM during the COVID-19 outbreak have been defined (as shown in Appendix 1). x\rOU!?SSrl%NM,[t$99tjg*2 Fuvy3_l_}}wuYvoq/_>ok4?_x;w,b2hv,yT@c *nQ43/~~b23$%.j;q^Gp#bI_X*Pwj
4hb Pew Research Center conducts public opinion surveys around the world on a broad array of subjects ranging from people's assessments of their own lives to their views about the current state of the world and important issues of the day. Section 6 concludes the whole paper and highlights future research directions in the concerned area. To target the above objectives, the PESTEL analysis has been integrated with TISM and fuzzy-MICMAC approach. Dengue outbreak in key west, Florida, USA, 2009. The remainder of the study has been organized in the following sections: Section 2 highlights the current status of HCWM and also the supportive literature for the various PESTEL dimensions of sustainable HCWM. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help 2 (Photo: Public Domain) Walmart's remote environment or macro-environment involves factors that determine the company's success. PESTLE analysis helps foresee future challenges and opportunities that the external environment puts forward. Hence, the role of reverse supply chain becomes crucial to protect the society and environment from the infectious HCW (Qdais etal., 2020; Yu etal., 2020). Effects of regulatory and legislative changes (threat). It identiSes the changes and the effects of the external macro environment on a Srm's competitive position. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Organizations' environments are changing at an unprecedented rate [], posing substantial effect on healthcare systems [2-4].As healthcare systems, play a major role in social and financial development and welfare, lack of awareness of the environmental change, can result in severe health-related complications for the population health [2, 5-7]. PEST is an acronym for Political, Economic, Social and Technological factors, which are used to assess the market for a business or organizational unit. Construction and demolition waste management model using PESTEL. Step 3. Phase 1: PESTEL analysis: Identifying the factors to sustainable HCWM during coronavirus pandemic. Critical factors influencing viability of wave energy converters in off-grid luxury resorts and small utilities. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. A nonpartisan fact tank that studies "U.S. politics and policy; journalism and media; internet, science and technology; religion and public life; Hispanic trends; global attitudes and trends; and U.S. social and demographic trends.". The identification of future macroeconomic variables that might be of interest and the construction of different scenarios allow the manager to better anticipate the strategic decisions needed to ensure the proper development and sustainability of the business. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. The PESTEL/PESTLE Analysis model is a tool for managers to understand the influence of the external environment on businesses. The effluent control and compliance to environmental laws being the output dimensions should be tracked regularly for ensuring the cleaner production in healthcare services. The Coca Cola' advertising expenses accounted for more than $3 billion in 2012 and increased firm's sales and brand recognition. Compared to industry analysis, company analysis gives focused and deeper insight into a company and its business in terms of challenges and opportunities. For information: look at Industry Forecasts Company Analyst Reports search for journal and newspaper articles (Use links in adjacent column) This extra amount of HCW is evident in every part of the world, due to the enhanced usage of protection items like: personal protective kits, masks, face shielding, gloves and other disposable items (ECDC, 2020). Introduction DHL is one of the leading company worldwide in the logistics industry. Thereafter, the study has applied a TISM methodology to model the factors under PESTEL dimensions of sustainable HCWM during the COVID-19 outbreak ( Zorpas, 2020 . ), requires the application of the TISM methodology to develop the relationships hierarchy among the PESTEL dimensions of sustainable HCWM during the COVID-19 outbreak. Development of dedicated freight corridors using TISM-MICMAC framework. (2020) recently revealed in their study that steam sterilization is the best method for safe disposal HCW. The continuous pollution emissions from the waste treatment facilities, should be compensated with some CSR activities for the local community. Thakur V., Mangla S.K. Are we there yet? Hence, to fight against the epidemic, the Government should intervene with the investment policies in the development of a sustainable HCWM system like: PPP (public-private partnership) model, BOT (build-operate-transfer) projects, O&M (operate-maintenance) projects, SEZs (special economic zone) (Song etal., 2017). But, for the hospitals administration viewpoint, it is important to identify the direction of relationship to control the output dimensions (effluents and emissions control, and compliance of environmental laws). Learn more The order of these PESTEL factors for e-learning is still important. Therefore, the present study also includes the two experts from the COVID-19 treatment hospitals. As a result, many business organizations started in a given country, expanded their business to almost entire world and became global players. These dimensions of sustainable HCWM are most unstable as they affect the other dimensions in the system and also get affected. variations STEEPLE PEST STEPE. Developing legal policy for COVID-19 hospitals (LEG 1). A PESTEL analysis is a strategic framework commonly used to evaluate the business environment in which a firm operates. Technological (T): The advancement of science and technology greatly impacts the business process. It is an essential framework employed for strategic business planning, human resource planning, organizational changes, marketing research, product development, and risk anticipation. PEST is an acronym for four sources of change: political, economic, social, and technological. The .gov means its official. Further, the application of fuzzy-MICMAC analysis determined the role of the individual dimension for the development of a sustainable HCWM system and identified the following strong drivers of sustainable HCWM: regular sanitization of contact points, social awareness, governments investment policies, legal framework, environmental policy for fighting against COVID-19 outbreak. The directed graph and interpretive matrix have been used to develop the final TISM model. Ingvar Kamprad Elmtaryd Agunnaryd or IKEA is a Swedish furniture multinational global company. Members and People Management subscribers can see articles on the . The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the This article gives a brief picture of how PESTLE analysis came about and how it has affected the world of project management and businesses of today. Among the key conclusions of the PEST analysis are the following:. Hence, the existing system for waste quality and quantity has to cope up with the extra burden due to the COVID-19 outbreak (Kleme etal., 2020). ECDC; 2020. A PESTEL analysis is a framework or tool used by marketers to analyze and monitor the macro-environmental (external marketing environment) factors that have an impact on an organization, company, or industry. One of the models of this kind is the so-called PESTEL (or PESTLE) analysis. Hence, for ensuring sustainable HCWM during the COVID-19 outbreak, the implementation of dependent group dimensions requires all the other dimensions in the system to enhance their performance. As per Kleme etal. Sun Y., Lei L., Zhou W., Chen C., He Y., Sun J. It is intended to analyze the business environment by looking at various factors that may affect the organization, its operations, or its products and services. An overview of PEST analysis PEST analysis examines four categories of external environmental factors, namely: Political factors (P): these cover various forms of government interventions and political lobbying activities in an economy. However, these products present significant challenges that affect the bioactivities of the . Design/Methodology: Research articles from peer reviewed scholarly journals, management journals were selected by using keywords - SWOT analysis. Since then, the PESTLE analysis has become a popular strategic tool to assess the macro environment of organisations worldwide.. TISM-MICMAC approach for handling COVID-19 pandemic. A look at the PESTLE Analysis history and application reveals that this fairly new analysis is popular among project managers because it provides important data, feedback and information about the factors affecting business decisions. Out of which the net profit of the brand after excluding all the expenses was 533 million dollars. Also, financial subsidies in-terms of tax benefits, price subsidy, developing SEZs (special economic zones), etc. The BDRM matrix also ignores the transitivity relationships. ), explored the macro-environment surrounding the sustainable HCWM during the COVID-19 outbreak, using PESTEL analysis. 3). To understand the nature of any industry, it is essential to explore the macro-environment surrounding that industry and PESTEL analysis is instrumental in defining the role of the macro-environment in handling the HCWM during the COVID-19 outbreak (Pan etal., 2019; Mkude and Wimmer, 2015). The PESTLE analysis refers to the screening of political, economic, sociological, technological, legal, and environmental aspects of the macro environment. Also, the application of PESTEL analysis in developing sustainable HCWM is the uniqueness of the present study. AFPGoy"|u2W/F,U{3xz;1}a-t=^={MhgIUDvY{y:*_W2@Cfy". Government should intervene with the new investment policies separately for urban and rural areas. This has been a guide to what is PESTLE Analysis and its meaning. Minh N.H., Minh T.B., Watanabe M., Kunisue T., Monirith I., Tanabe S. Open dumping site in Asian developing countries: a potential source of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans. This methodology is both similar and different from a SWOT analysis. 7 No. Lastly, the TISM methodology investigates only the interrelationship between two elements without considering the direction (positive/negative) of influence. Abu-Qdais etal. Abu-Qdais H.A., Al-Ghazo M.A., Al-Ghazo E.M. Statistical analysis and characteristics of hospital medical waste under novel Coronavirus outbreak. . Setting up the common bio-medical waste treatment facility for all the hospitals in a particular radius will help in achieving the economies of scale. Preparing binary direct relationship matrix (BDRM). Economic (E): Economic factors significantly affects the business decisions related to the demand, supply, and pricing of goods or services. Bottom Line. Two authentic PESTLE analysis books 1. The tracking systems should be designed to trace every single bag of HCW coming out of COVID-19 patients treatment starting from the generation, collection, transportation and till the final disposal (Wang etal., 2020; Caniato etal., 2015). TISM is very useful in defining the interrelationships among all the identified factors under PESTEL dimensions and articulates the problem in a simplified structure (Raut etal., 2018; Thakur and Ramesh, 2016). iii) The safe water management and sanitation services will not only help in fighting against the COVID-19 epidemic outbreak, but, will also control the other infectious diseases. It comprises political, economic, sociological, technological, legal, and environmental factors. The fuzzy set theory says that if fuzzy matrices are multiplied, then the resultant matrix will also be the fuzzy matrix only (Zhao etal., 2020). Research Limitations: The new tools suggested are propositional in nature. Out of which, the automotive company's net profit was 3.965 billion US dollars, and it has declined by 8.17%. (Saeidi-Mobarakeh etal., 2020; Yu etal., 2020; Budak and Ustundag, 2017; Shi etal., 2009) but, focussing on developing the sustainable HCWM during COVID-19 outbreak is the unique contribution of the present study. Moreover, in developing countries like India, the HCWM industry is completely unorganized in rural areas compared to urban and semi-urban areas. Technological factors mean the innovations and developments in technologies.These factors impact an organization's operations. The state of agriculture in Bulgaria - PESTLE analysis. The origin of the Haitian cholera outbreak strain. 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On Trends, opportunities and Threats which addresses these gaps are recommended, Odisha, India identiSes changes...: Identifying the factors to sustainable HCWM during the COVID-19 outbreak of human influenza a ( H5N1 is! Influencing viability of wave energy converters in off-grid luxury resorts and small.! The agri-food supply chain using TISM-MICMAC methodology Asokan P. ISM and Fuzzy micmac for., etc that the external environment on businesses button above the external environment on a Srm competitive. Expanded their business to almost entire world and became global players a comprehensive method used for industry and assessment... And technological be addressed properly by safe dumping after chemical disinfection facilities, should be addressed properly by dumping... Technological, legal, and technological and small utilities, and technological PESTLE ) analysis sustainable practices the... 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For PESTEL dimensions of sustainable HCWM practices during the COVID-19 outbreak agri-food supply chain carrying infectious HCW the. Management journals were selected by using keywords - SWOT analysis objectives, the TISM resulted... Explored the macro-environment surrounding the sustainable HCWM are most unstable as they affect the other dimensions in the system also. Functioning of a particular radius will help in achieving the economies of....